Trauma and PTSD
सदमा और PTSD
After a frightening event, it is normal to be upset for some weeks. If symptoms continue or worsen, it may be PTSD.
Recovery is possible with the right therapy and support.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
Common symptoms
- Flashbacks and upsetting memories
- Nightmares and poor sleep
- Avoiding places, people or talk related to the event
- Feeling on guard, easily startled
- Numbness, guilt, anger
Causes
- Accidents, violence, abuse, disasters, sudden death of a loved one
- Repeated trauma, lack of support afterwards
Risk factors
- Severe or repeated trauma — accidents, assault, abuse, violence, disasters
- Little support after the event
- Previous anxiety or depression
How it is diagnosed
- Re-experiencing (flashbacks, nightmares), avoidance and a constant sense of threat
- Symptoms lasting for several weeks and affecting daily life
- Gentle assessment — you do not need to describe the trauma in detail at the first visit
Classification: ICD-10 F43.1 · ICD-11 6B40, 6B41PTSD / complex PTSD.
Treatment options
- 1Trauma-focused CBT and related therapies
- 2Medicines for sleep, anxiety and depression
- 3Grounding and coping skills
- 4Support for family
Psychotherapy and counselling
- Trauma-focused CBT and EMDR — recommended first-line therapies
- Grounding and stabilisation skills before trauma processing
Guidance for family
- Do not push the person to talk about the event; let them choose when
- Offer safety, routine and patience; startle and anger are symptoms, not personal
When to see a psychiatrist
- Symptoms last more than a month
- Using alcohol or pills to cope
- Thoughts of self-harm
Thoughts of self-harm or a medical emergency? Call Tele-MANAS 14416 (24×7, free) or 112.
Free self-assessment
A short screening in Hindi or English. Private — nothing is saved. Screening does not establish a diagnosis.
Frequently asked questions
Do I have to describe the trauma in detail?
Only at your own pace. Therapy is paced so that you feel safe.
Can children have PTSD?
Yes — look for nightmares, clinginess, fear and changes in play or behaviour.
Is it confidential?
Yes, completely, under the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017.
Help is available — confidential, in Hindi or English.
Private video consultation from anywhere in India with an Ajmer-based psychiatrist. Psychiatry consultation ₹500.
This page is for education and does not replace a personal consultation. Do not start or stop any medicine without a doctor's advice.