Mild cognitive impairment: memory changes beyond normal ageing
माइल्ड कॉग्निटिव इम्पेयरमेंट (MCI)
MCI means memory or thinking has declined more than expected for age, but the person remains independent in daily activities.
Some people progress to dementia, but many stay stable or improve — especially when causes like depression, B12 deficiency or poor sleep are treated.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
Common symptoms
- Forgetting appointments or recent conversations more often
- Losing track of thoughts or conversations
- Family notices the change, but daily life is largely managed
Causes
- Early neurodegenerative or vascular changes
- Reversible causes: depression, sleep apnoea, B12 or thyroid problems, medicines
Risk factors
- Diabetes, BP, inactivity, hearing loss
- Alcohol use and long-term sedative use
How it is diagnosed
- Cognitive screening and follow-up testing over time
- Blood tests and brain imaging when indicated
Classification: ICD-10 F06.7 · ICD-11 6D71
Treatment options
- 1Treating reversible causes
- 2Physical exercise, social activity and learning new skills
- 3Reviewing medicines that affect memory
Psychotherapy and counselling
- Memory strategies: diaries, phone reminders, routines
Guidance for family
- Encourage activity and social contact
- Keep a record of changes for follow-up visits
When to see a psychiatrist
- Memory changes noticed by you or family
- Difficulty with money, medicines or driving
Thoughts of self-harm or a medical emergency? Call Tele-MANAS 14416 (24×7, free) or 112.
Frequently asked questions
Does MCI always become dementia?
No. Many people remain stable or improve. Regular follow-up helps track changes.
Should the family join the consultation?
Yes, family input is very helpful — especially for children, teenagers, eating disorders and memory problems. Part of the session can also be private.
Can this be treated by online consultation?
Many people can be assessed and followed up by private video. If a physical examination, tests or admission are needed, you will be guided to the right local service.
Help is available — confidential, in Hindi or English.
Private video consultation from anywhere in India with an Ajmer-based psychiatrist. Psychiatry consultation ₹500.
This page is for education and does not replace a personal consultation. Do not start or stop any medicine without a doctor's advice.