Alzheimer's disease: early signs and care
अल्ज़ाइमर रोग
Alzheimer's disease slowly damages brain cells involved in memory and thinking. Recent memory is usually affected first.
There is no cure yet, but early diagnosis allows treatment of symptoms, planning and support for the family.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
Common symptoms
- Forgetting recent conversations and events
- Repeating questions; misplacing things
- Difficulty with money, cooking or familiar tasks
- Getting lost in familiar places; word-finding problems
Causes
- Build-up of abnormal proteins (amyloid and tau) in the brain
- Age is the biggest risk; genes play a role
Risk factors
- High blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, inactivity
- Untreated hearing loss, depression and social isolation
How it is diagnosed
- Memory tests and history from family
- Blood tests for B12, thyroid and other reversible causes
- Brain MRI/CT
Classification: ICD-10 F00 / G30 · ICD-11 6D80
Treatment options
- 1Medicines that may help memory symptoms for a period
- 2Controlling BP, sugar, hearing and vision
- 3Treating depression, anxiety and sleep problems
- 4Legal and financial planning while the person can participate
Psychotherapy and counselling
- Cognitive stimulation activities
- Caregiver education and support
Guidance for family
- Keep a simple daily routine, good lighting and familiar objects
- Speak slowly, one instruction at a time; avoid correcting or arguing
- Remove hazards: lock away medicines, gas knobs and sharp tools; consider an ID bracelet
- Caregivers need rest and support too — share duties within the family
When to see a psychiatrist
- Memory problems that affect daily life
- Sudden confusion — possible delirium, urgent
Thoughts of self-harm or a medical emergency? Call Tele-MANAS 14416 (24×7, free) or 112.
Frequently asked questions
Is forgetfulness normal in old age?
Mild slowing is normal; forgetting recent events repeatedly and struggling with daily tasks is not.
Should the family join the consultation?
Yes, family input is very helpful — especially for children, teenagers, eating disorders and memory problems. Part of the session can also be private.
Can this be treated by online consultation?
Many people can be assessed and followed up by private video. If a physical examination, tests or admission are needed, you will be guided to the right local service.
Help is available — confidential, in Hindi or English.
Private video consultation from anywhere in India with an Ajmer-based psychiatrist. Psychiatry consultation ₹500.
This page is for education and does not replace a personal consultation. Do not start or stop any medicine without a doctor's advice.