Loneliness is the painful feeling of having fewer meaningful connections than one wants.
Social isolation is now recognised as a risk factor for dementia and poor health.
Key concepts
- Quality of contact matters more than quantity
- Hearing loss is a major, treatable cause of isolation
- Purpose and routine protect mental health
Symptoms and signs
- Talking less, staying indoors
- Waiting all day for calls
- Poor sleep, low appetite, irritability
Causes
- Children living in other cities or abroad
- Death of spouse or friends
- Limited mobility
Risk factors
- Living alone
- Hearing or vision problems
- Retirement without new roles
Evidence-based management
- Regular video calls at fixed times
- Community groups: satsang, senior clubs, morning walks
- Hearing test and hearing aids if needed
- Meaningful roles: teaching grandchildren, volunteering, gardening
When to seek professional help
- Families can book an online consultation and join the call with the elder
- Signs of depression or memory decline
- Talk of being a burden or not wanting to live
Frequently asked questions
Can a smartphone help?
Yes — teaching simple video calling can greatly increase contact with family.
Is loneliness a mental illness?
No, but long-term loneliness increases the risk of depression and should be addressed.
Medical references
Guidelines and official sources used for this article.
- Dementia — fact sheet. World Health Organization.
- Depressive disorder (depression) — fact sheet. World Health Organization.
- Author
- Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
- Medical reviewer
- Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MD Psychiatry
- Last reviewed
This article is for general information and is not a substitute for personal medical advice.
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