If you are worried about someone, asking clearly about suicide is one of the most helpful things you can do.
Most people feel relieved when someone notices and asks.
Key concepts
- Asking does not increase risk
- Listen without judgement or lectures
- Connect to help the same day
Symptoms and signs
- Talking about death, being a burden or no way out
- Withdrawing, giving away things, sudden calm after distress
- Increased drinking, reckless behaviour
Causes
- Depression and other mental illness
- Crises: debt, failure, relationship break-up, abuse
- Feeling trapped and hopeless
Risk factors
- Previous attempt
- Access to pesticides, medicines or other means
- Alcohol or drug use
Evidence-based management
- Ask: 'Sometimes when people feel this way they think about ending their life. Are you thinking about suicide?'
- Listen, stay calm, thank them for telling you
- Remove or lock away means; do not leave them alone if risk is high
- Call Tele-MANAS 14416 together or go to the emergency department
When to seek professional help
- A plan, a date or access to means — emergency now (112)
- After any self-harm
- Repeated thoughts of death — consult within days
Frequently asked questions
What if they ask me to keep it secret?
Do not promise secrecy. Explain that you care and need to involve help to keep them safe.
What should I avoid saying?
Avoid arguing, shaming, or saying 'you have so much to live for'. Listen and focus on getting help.
Medical references
Guidelines and official sources used for this article.
- Suicide — fact sheet. World Health Organization.
- LIVE LIFE: an implementation guide for suicide prevention in countries. World Health Organization, 2021.
- Self-harm: assessment, management and preventing recurrence (NG225). NICE, UK, 2022.
- Tele-MANAS — National Tele Mental Health Programme. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
- Author
- Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
- Medical reviewer
- Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MD Psychiatry
- Last reviewed
This article is for general information and is not a substitute for personal medical advice.
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