Speech and language delay: milestones and help
बोलने और भाषा में देरी
Children learn to speak at different speeds, but some delays need early assessment because therapy works best in the early years.
A psychiatric assessment checks for autism, intellectual disability, ADHD and emotional causes, alongside hearing and speech evaluation.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
Common symptoms
- No babbling by 12 months, no single words by 16–18 months
- No two-word phrases by 2 years; speech hard to understand at 3
- Not responding to name, poor eye contact or loss of words already learned
Causes
- Hearing loss, including from repeated ear infections
- Developmental language disorder, autism or intellectual disability
- Limited interaction and heavy screen exposure in early years
Risk factors
- Family history of late talking
- Premature birth, birth complications
How it is diagnosed
- Hearing test (audiometry/BERA)
- Developmental and autism assessment
- Speech-language pathologist evaluation
Classification: ICD-10 F80 · ICD-11 6A01Code depends on the underlying cause.
Treatment options
- 1Speech and language therapy with daily home practice
- 2Treating hearing problems; managing autism or ADHD if present
- 3Limiting screens and increasing face-to-face talk and play
Psychotherapy and counselling
- Parent training to encourage communication through play
Guidance for family
- Talk, sing and read with the child daily; name objects and actions
- Use the home language comfortably — bilingual homes do not cause delay
When to see a psychiatrist
- Any loss of speech or social skills at any age
- Missed milestones listed above
Thoughts of self-harm or a medical emergency? Call Tele-MANAS 14416 (24×7, free) or 112.
Frequently asked questions
Should we wait and see?
Waiting is not advised if milestones are clearly missed; early assessment does no harm and helps.
Should the family join the consultation?
Yes, family input is very helpful — especially for children, teenagers, eating disorders and memory problems. Part of the session can also be private.
Can this be treated by online consultation?
Many people can be assessed and followed up by private video. If a physical examination, tests or admission are needed, you will be guided to the right local service.
Help is available — confidential, in Hindi or English.
Private video consultation from anywhere in India with an Ajmer-based psychiatrist. Psychiatry consultation ₹500.
This page is for education and does not replace a personal consultation. Do not start or stop any medicine without a doctor's advice.