Bulimia nervosa: breaking the binge–purge cycle
बुलिमिया नर्वोसा
Bulimia involves repeated binge eating with a loss of control, followed by efforts to compensate such as vomiting, laxatives, fasting or excessive exercise.
Weight is often normal, so it can stay hidden for years. Shame keeps many people from seeking help.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
Common symptoms
- Eating large amounts quickly, feeling unable to stop
- Self-induced vomiting, laxative or diuretic misuse
- Strong focus on weight and shape; guilt after eating
- Swollen cheeks, dental erosion, sore throat
Causes
- Strict dieting that triggers binges
- Using food to cope with stress, sadness or loneliness
Risk factors
- Depression, anxiety, impulsivity
- Past teasing about weight
How it is diagnosed
- Interview about eating patterns and compensatory behaviours
- Electrolyte tests — vomiting can lower potassium dangerously
Classification: ICD-10 F50.2 · ICD-11 6B81
Treatment options
- 1Regular eating pattern: three meals and planned snacks
- 2Medicines can reduce binge–purge urges in some people
- 3Medical and dental follow-up
Psychotherapy and counselling
- CBT for eating disorders (first-line)
- Skills for handling emotions without food
Guidance for family
- Avoid comments on weight, shape or appearance — including praise for weight loss
- Eat regular family meals together where possible; keep mealtimes calm
- Do not argue about food; express concern about health and mood instead
- Parents are part of the treatment team, especially for teenagers
When to see a psychiatrist
- Palpitations, weakness or fainting — urgent
- Vomiting or laxative use more than occasionally
Thoughts of self-harm or a medical emergency? Call Tele-MANAS 14416 (24×7, free) or 112.
Frequently asked questions
Does vomiting get rid of the calories?
Much less than people think, and it harms the body. It also keeps the binge cycle going.
Should the family join the consultation?
Yes, family input is very helpful — especially for children, teenagers, eating disorders and memory problems. Part of the session can also be private.
Can this be treated by online consultation?
Many people can be assessed and followed up by private video. If a physical examination, tests or admission are needed, you will be guided to the right local service.
Help is available — confidential, in Hindi or English.
Private video consultation from anywhere in India with an Ajmer-based psychiatrist. Psychiatry consultation ₹500.
This page is for education and does not replace a personal consultation. Do not start or stop any medicine without a doctor's advice.