Some fear is normal in childhood. Anxiety becomes a concern when it is intense, lasts weeks and stops a child from doing everyday things.
Anxious children often have anxious thoughts that they cannot explain in words.
Key concepts
- Reassurance alone can keep anxiety going
- Brave practice in small steps builds confidence
- CBT adapted for children is effective
Symptoms and signs
- Worrying 'what if' questions
- Stomach aches, headaches, poor sleep
- Avoiding school, parties or speaking in class
Causes
- Temperament and family history
- Stressful events: illness, moving, exams
- Learning anxious responses from adults
Risk factors
- Overprotective parenting
- Bullying
- Learning difficulties
Evidence-based management
- Acknowledge feelings: 'I can see you are scared'
- Encourage small brave steps and praise effort
- Teach slow breathing and problem-solving
- CBT with parent involvement; medicines rarely needed
When to seek professional help
- Anxiety affecting school or friendships
- Panic attacks or refusal to leave parents
- Parents can book a consultation first to discuss concerns before involving the child
Frequently asked questions
Will my child grow out of it?
Some do, but untreated anxiety often continues into adulthood; early help is better.
Should I let my child avoid what they fear?
Short-term avoidance brings relief but long-term fear; gentle, supported facing is better.
Medical references
Guidelines and official sources used for this article.
- Mental health of adolescents — fact sheet. World Health Organization.
- Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment (CG159). NICE, UK, 2013.
- Author
- Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MBBS, MD Psychiatry
- Medical reviewer
- Dr. Kuldeep Budania, MD Psychiatry
- Last reviewed
This article is for general information and is not a substitute for personal medical advice.
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